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“Transhuman” literally means “beyond human”
The concept of humans merging with machines, also known
as transhumanism, has been a topic of science fiction for decades. However, in
recent years, advances in technology have led to the development of devices and
techniques that allow for the integration of technology with the human body.
One example of this is the use of prosthetic limbs that
can be controlled by the user's thoughts, through the use of neuroprosthetics.
These devices use electrodes implanted in the brain to read neural signals and
translate them into actions, allowing people with amputations to control
artificial limbs as if they were their own.
Another example is the use of exoskeletons, which are
wearable devices that can assist people with mobility impairments to walk or
perform other physical tasks. These devices use sensors and motors to respond
to the user's movements and provide additional support.
Another area of research is the use of brain-computer
interfaces (BCIs), which allow for direct communication between the brain and a
computer. This technology has the potential to enable people with paralysis to
control computers and other devices through their thoughts.
In addition, there is ongoing research on the use of
implants and other devices to enhance human cognitive and physical abilities.
For example, researchers are studying the use of transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS) to enhance memory and learning.
While these developments hold great promise, there are
also concerns about the ethical implications of merging humans and machines.
Issues include the potential loss of privacy and autonomy, as well as the risk
of creating a divide between those who have access to these technologies and
those who do not.
In conclusion, the concept of humans merging with
machines is an active area of research with the potential to improve the lives
of people with disabilities, but also raises ethical concerns.
References:
A. M. Loeb, "Prosthetics and Neuroprosthetics,"
Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 427–451, 2011.
M. A. Lajoie, "Exoskeletons for assisting and
restoring movement in people with spinal cord injury," Journal of
Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 48, 2011.
J. R. Wolpaw and E. W. Wolpaw, "Brain–computer
interfaces for communication and control," Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.
113, no. 6, pp. 767–791, 2002.
L. A. Farwell and E. Donchin, "Talking off the top
of your head: toward a mental prosthesis utilizing event-related brain
potentials," Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 70,
no. 6, pp. 510–523, 1988.